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They mention in the paper that similar experiments have been done before, albeit without the temperature trick to keep the lattice from imploding:Then they tune the interactions to be attractive and at the same time turn their trap upside down to be an anti-trap. Finally, they melt the Mott insulator to obtain an attractive superfluid. These anti-traps have been used before, to create a self-propagating pulse of atoms that does not disperse (a bright solution) from attractive gases in one dimension (7, 8)