Sure, that too. What I meant is that students tend to come into the classroom or whatever the setting is with a preconceived notion of what the subject is, what the course is about and how the person leading it should do it. These are limiting. Limits can be useful in guiding learning, but it's so easy to cross the line of limits to guide and limited opportunity.

So, for me step 1 is always disorientation. Both the body and the mind get stronger when challenged. Physically, this is accomplished when the body is forced to deal with stress in different ranges of motion and activity. Similarly, the mind improves when it is forced to grapple with problems or finding the way to solutions. Of course, this dynamic must also be balanced with "rest" times for the "muscles" to relax, regroup, reflect, refocus, etc.

Humans that are comfortable are not improving, are not learning. This goes for teachers as well, as I'm sure you know. Teachers are there to learn just as much as students, but for very different purposes.