Did some basic Googling on polarized light in an attempt to understand how exactly that affects of polarization are seen by Cuttlefish, but I don't think I really get it. Since they're able to detect whether or not light is oscillating on the same plane, how exactly would this help them communicate with each other? In the experiments on this page of Physics Classroom, we can see one image or the other based on how light is reflected off the surface of a projector, or we would perceive different colors based on how the filter is rotated. Since Cuttlefish are completely colorblind, I would have to assume that they can project different signals via different transmitting axes. Is this close to the truth or am I way off?
I can't answer your question, but you might be interested to know that humans can actually see polarized light. Okay, more like sense/detect. And this is how the phenomenon looks like.