I guess I'm a little late to the party, but I think this article might be of interest to people on this site: http://africasacountry.com/africa-has-always-been-more-queer-than-generally-acknowledged/ The really interesting/perplexing thing about a lot of the anti-gay rhetoric is that a lot of it is conflated with nationalist/jingoistic sentiment; i.e. reaffirming national identity and preventing it from a perceived corrupt Western influence. We also see that in some of the dialogue surrounding the Uganda's more punitive law; in response to criticism about the law, the Uganda president more or less responded with "Well if it's wrong, we as a nation should be the ones to figure that out." It's an interesting assertion; it almost seems as if the Uganda president is using the anti-gay law not as a measure just against gays within the country, but also as a refutation of Western influence. Thus, a perhaps more interesting question would be, why now? Nigeria for instance, is a nation struggling with a myriad of problems: corruption, lack of infrastructure (for instance everyone there that can afford it has a generator, because there is rarely any electricity), sectarian violence in the north, a failing higher education system (my cousin, who, like a large part of my family, lives in Nigeria is an electrical engineer, yet has been in school for about 6 years now just because of frequent disruption that goes on due to university strikes etc... and the worst part about that is that now, unlike even 40 years ago, if he were to emigrate, his degree is barely recognizable at many U.S. institutions). Moreover, Nigeria at least is conservative; one wonders how "visible" gay culture even is within the nation (probably more so in cosmopolitan areas like Lagos, but I think its reasonable to assume that its less visible than in the U.S. for comparison) IMO, this seems like an attempt by Goodluck Jonathan to distract from the very real and pertinent problems facing the nation by passing a bill that people support whether because of homophobia, or because it is being sold as a way to "Keep Nigeria Nigerian" That being said, I think its also important to be critical to a lot of the coverage of this issue. Much of the coverage has been focused on the backwards nature of the law, which is fair because it is a gross violation of human rights. That being said, very little of it has focused on the international perspective; for instance at least within Uganda, there is some evidence to suggest that U.S. evangelical pastors have frequented the country, encouraging homophobic sentiment. I believe the film "God loves Uganda" talks heavily about that (trailer: This is all to say that I think its important we are having these discussions about gay rights within an international context. I think, however, that it is useful to look for those people who come from that nation and perhaps give greater weight to their analysis of it, because they are directly immersed in their culture and can, in effect, act as better cultural translators for Western readers then Western media which merely perpetuates the same tropes. A good article by a Nigerian author on this bill follows: http://www.thescoopng.com/chimamanda-adichie-why-cant-he-just-be-like-everyone-else/ In regards to Nigeria reputation abroad... that's a difficult question. To be honest, a lot of Nigerians have bad reputations even within Africa; its been a joke in my family to say, that when people ask, just say you're from Ghana. But, as with all stereotypes, it is only a percentage of the population that gives rise to the whole. I also think the question is interesting, because, in my experience, I have always found that, at least in the U.S. the reputation of Nigerians has been relatively positive, outside of the familiar "Nigerian prince/email scam jokes"; For example, though this is a really problematic book for a lot of reasons, Amy Chua's newest book The Triple Package identifies Nigerian-Americans as an "exceptional" group within America (http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/feb/16/the-triple-package-amy-chua-digested-read) I haven't read the book, and I wouldn't recommend anyone read it, but it at least is an example of some"positive" stereotypes of Nigerians. It's difficult for me to say anything too specific about the case in Ho Chi Minh City, because I know very little about it, but in some research I've done on immigrant experiences/narratives, I found it increasingly apparent that the host nations perceptions of the incoming group are often culturally specific, and reflective as well of the economic environment within the nation, as well as how obvious signifiers of difference are. I would be curious to learn more about that particular case though... it sounds a little bit like what the Romani population in France might experience? I might also post this comment on my own page as well, but I'm glad that we're talking about it.
Better late than never! This is a very well-considered response, though I regret to say that I haven't been keeping an eye on news on this issue. As for the Nigerians in Ho Chi Minh City, I don't know closely the dynamic resembles that of the Romani/France situation. I've only been to France once for a short stay and never encountered anyone who identified themselves as Romani, so I can't really draw a parallel personally. The "Nigerian Prince" thing isn't well known in Viet Nam though, but that's likely due to a number of factors, including that Western Union can only be used to send money into the country, not out of it and that credit cards were only introduced in 2009 or so. In Viet Nam, it's the Chinese who are known for e-mail scams and credit card/banking fraud. From what I understand, Nigerians first started going to Viet Nam after the country re-opened in 1991, in the interest of working in the oil industry and then found that there were other opportunities to make money there, especially given the lax security. Many of the foreigners in Viet Nam come from a more blue-collar background, because the need for foreign expertise is much higher in industries like oil and engineering related to shipping, than for corporate types. That might begin to change soon, but who can really say? I wish I could point you to a scholarly source rather than my anecdotes, but I don't think it's been a subject of academic or journalistic interest of yet (or at least, not much interest). I don't know where you're located, but Viet Nam is an increasingly accessible country and very safe as far as SE Asia goes (maybe Laos is safer), plus it's very affordable once you're actually in the country, though getting there can be a pain in the ass.
I'm sure you're right in that he's playing to his constituents, at least in part. I'm very curious about Nigeria and I'd like to check it out sometime. Nigerians have had bad reputations in various countries I've been to and I'm sure that not all Nigerians are involved in scams, drugs or prostitution. It's an interesting diaspora that I don't really understand. I guess I don't really understand African politics all that well, but it's on my "to do" list.
I don't know any Nigerians, but a protege of mine is a first gen Nigerian-American who was admitted to an Ivy League medical school out of high school. To say she is exceptional is an understatement. Not that I think any one person is representative of a group, but I can certainly attest to the fact that not all Nigerians are scammers, drug runners, or pimps and whores.
Well, that's good to hear. I'd guess that opportunity plays a role. In Ho Chi Minh City there were a lot of Nigerians who held business visas and were infamous for fighting with each other in the streets. They were also known to sell drugs and to service female sex-tourists. The government got sick of it and then came down really hard on all foreigners and deported quite a lot of the Nigerians and for about 6 months it was really tough to get anything but a tourist visa, meaning that a lot of foreigners were forced to go without proper documentation for a period of time, some for more than 6 months. I get why border controls exist and the arguments against illegal immigrants, but it can be very, very difficult to operate 100% aboveboard, especially when the bureaucracy is so bloated, or alternatively, in an environment where bribery is the norm (not that I am condoning undocumented work).
Equatorial African nations and Russia are passing strict anti-gay laws. Meanwhile Utah can't come up with a cogent legal argument for maintaining its laws against same-sex marriage. (I will be posting that link in a fresh post.)